Bio gas production and utilisation

click here to download

Around the world, pollution of the air and water from municipal, industrial and agricultural operations continues to grow.The concept of the ‘four R's’, which stands for Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, and Renewable energy, has generally been accepted as a useful principle for waste handling.

The emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GHG) has become an important issue, particularly since Russia has ratified the Kyoto Protocol which came into force on 16 February, 2005. Governments and industries are therefore increasingly on the lookout for technologies that will allow for more efficient and cost-effective waste treatment while minimising GHG. The CO2-trade will even further increase the need for CO2-neutral technologies. When using source separated MSW the cycle can be fully closed. The organic material is recycled to land and the energy produced meets the process energy requirements of the plant as well as providing a transport fuel. (Courtesy Kompogas)

One technology that can successfully treat the organic fraction of wastes is AD. When used in a fully-engineered system, AD not only provides pollution prevention, but also allows for energy, compost and nutrient recovery.Thus, AD can convert a disposal problem into a profit centre. As the technology continues to mature, AD is becoming a key method for both waste reduction and recovery of a renewable fuel and other valuable co-products. Worldwide, there are now approximately 150 AD plants in operation and a further 35 under construction using MSW or organic industrial waste as their principal feedstock.The total annual installed capacity is more than five million tonnes, which has the potential to generate 600 MW of electricity. Waste managers have found that AD provides environmental benefits allowing waste disposal facilities to meet increasingly stringent regulations.
Controlling odour and recovering nutrients are major drivers in their decisionmaking. The use of AD for sewage sludge stabilisation is well established and the use of AD as a (pre-) treatment step for industrial wastewater is increasing rapidly, to the point where there are now more than 2,500 vendor-supplied systems in operation or under construction throughout the world. Over 30 types of industry have been identified as having wastewaters amenable to AD treatment, including processors of beverages, chemicals, food, meat, milk, pulp and paper, and pharmaceutics.

The most wide spread system for the treatment of industrial waste water is the so called UASB reactor. The modern types are two-stage systems with internal recycling.


labels : bio gas production, utilisation of bio gas, bio gas pdf, green resources, biologicsl energy,ussr bio gas,biogas production,Bio gas production and utilisation.